Compare Saint Helena (2005) - Cape Verde (2002)

Compare Saint Helena (2005) z Cape Verde (2002)

	Saint Helena (2005)	Cape Verde (2002)

Administrative divisions	1 administrative area and 2 dependencies; Ascension, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*	17 districts (concelhos, singular - concelho); Boa Vista, Brava, Calheta, Maio, Mosteiros, Paul, Praia, Porto Novo, Ribeira Grande, Sal, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz, Sao Domingos, Sao Nicolau, Sao Filipe, Sao Vicente, Tarrafal
Age structure	0-14 years: 18.8% (male 715/female 691) 15-64 years: 71.3% (male 2,745/female 2,575) 65 years and over: 9.8% (male 330/female 404) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 41.9% (male 86,466; female 84,918) 15-64 years: 51.5% (male 100,684; female 109,841) 65 years and over: 6.6% (male 10,363; female 16,488) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)	bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish
Airports	1 (2004 est.)	9 note: 3 airports are reported to be nonoperational (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 6 3 over 3,047 m: 1 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
Area	total: 410 sq km land: 410 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands	total: 4,033 sq km land: 4,033 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.	The uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading center for African slaves and later an important coaling and resupply stop for whaling and transatlantic shipping. Most Cape Verdeans have both African and Portuguese antecedents. Independence was achieved in 1975.
Birth rate	12.33 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	27.81 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $11.2 million expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY92/93)	revenues: $112 million expenditures: $198 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000)
Capital	Jamestown	Praia
Climate	Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)	temperate; warm, dry summer; precipitation meager and very erratic
Coastline	60 km	965 km
Constitution	1 January 1989	new constitution came into force 25 September 1992; underwent a major revision on 23 November 1995, substantially increasing the powers of the president, and a further revision in 1999, to create the position of national ombudsman (Provedor de Justica)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Saint Helena	conventional long form: Republic of Cape Verde conventional short form: Cape Verde local long form: Republica de Cabo Verde local short form: Cabo Verde
Currency	-	Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Death rate	6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	7.01 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	NA (1996)	$301 million (2000)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Donald C. JOHNSON embassy: Rua Abilio m. Macedo 81, Praia mailing address: C. P. 201, Praia telephone: [238] 61 56 16, 61 56 17 FAX: [238] 61 13 55
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Jose BRITO chancery: 3415 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 965-6820 FAX: [1] (202) 965-1207 consulate(s) general: Boston
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)	$136 million (1999)
Economy - overview	The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, raising livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.	Cape Verde suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought. The economy is service-oriented, with commerce, transport, and public services accounting for 70% of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of agriculture in GDP in 2001 was only 11%, of which fishing accounts for 1.5%. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit, financed by foreign aid and remittances from emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Economic reforms, launched by the new democratic government in 1991, are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Prospects for 2002 depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2002)	38.13 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2002)	41 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mt. Fogo 2,829 m (a volcano on Fogo Island)
Environment - current issues	NA	soil erosion; demand for wood used as fuel has resulted in deforestation; desertification; environmental damage has threatened several species of birds and reptiles; illegal beach sand extraction; overfishing
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%	Creole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Exchange rates	Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000) note: the Saint Helenian pound is on par with the British pound	Cape Verdean escudos per US dollar - 123.556 (January 2002), 115.877 (2000), 102.700 (1999), 98.158 (1998), 93.177 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since 15 October 2004) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Pedro PIRES (since 22 March 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Jose Maria Pereira NEVES (since 1 February 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 11 and 25 February 2001 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly and appointed by the president election results: Pedro PIRES elected president; percent of vote - Pedro PIRES (PAICV) 49.43%, Carlos VIEGA (MPD) 49.42%; note - the election was won by only twelve votes
Exports	NA	$27.3 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts	fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides
Exports - partners	Tanzania 30.3%, US 23.8%, Japan 10.4%, UK 7.1%, Spain 6.3% (2004)	Portugal 45%, UK 20%, Germany 20%, Guinea-Bissau 5% (1999)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship	three horizontal bands of light blue (top, double width), white (with a horizontal red stripe in the middle third), and light blue; a circle of 10 yellow five-pointed stars is centered on the hoist end of the red stripe and extends into the upper and lower blue bands
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $600 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA	agriculture: 11% industry: 17% services: 72% (2001)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA	3% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	15 56 S, 5 42 W	16 00 N, 24 00 W
Geography - note	harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns	strategic location 500 km from west coast of Africa near major north-south sea routes; important communications station; important sea and air refueling site
Highways	total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km) paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000)	total: 1,100 km paved: 858 km unpaved: 242 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs moving from Latin America and Asia destined for Western Europe; the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center
Imports	NA	$218 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts	foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels
Imports - partners	UK 35.7%, US 17.6%, South Africa 17.5%, Tanzania 10.4%, Australia 5.5%, Spain 4.1% (2004)	Portugal 52%, Germany 7%, France 4%, UK 3% (1999)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	5 July 1975 (from Portugal)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	NA%
Industries	construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing	food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair
Infant mortality rate	total: 19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 22.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	51.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.2% (1997 est.)	3% (2001)
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court	Supreme Tribunal of Justice or Supremo Tribunal de Justia
Labor force	3,500 note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 12.9% permanent crops: 0% other: 87.1% (2001)	arable land: 9.68% permanent crops: 0.5% other: 89.82% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	Portuguese, Crioulo (a blend of Portuguese and West African words)
Legal system	NA	derived from the legal system of Portugal
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held June 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 14 January 2001 (next to be held NA December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAICV 47.3%, MPD 39.8%, ADM 6%, other 6.9%; seats by party - PAICV 40, MPD 30, ADM 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.76 years male: 74.86 years female: 80.81 years (2005 est.)	total population: 69.52 years male: 66.23 years female: 72.91 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 20 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 98% (1987 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 71.6% male: 81.4% female: 63.8% (1995 est.)
Location	islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa	Western Africa, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Senegal
Map references	Africa	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,395 GRT/6,614 DWT ships by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United Kingdom 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	-	Army, Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$9.3 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.6% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 92,486 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 52,215 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	Independence Day, 5 July (1975)
Nationality	noun: Saint Helenian(s) adjective: Saint Helenian	noun: Cape Verdean(s) adjective: Cape Verdean
Natural hazards	active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha	prolonged droughts; seasonal harmattan wind produces obscuring dust; volcanically and seismically active
Natural resources	fish	salt, basalt rock, limestone, kaolin, fish
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-12.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none	African Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV [Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Change or ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID); Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman]; Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president]; Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president]; Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA, president]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	7,460 (July 2005 est.)	408,760 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	30% (2000)
Population growth rate	0.59% (2005 est.)	0.85% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown	Mindelo, Praia, Tarrafal
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 0, FM 15 (and 17 repeaters), shortwave 0 (2002)
Radios	-	100,000 (2002 est.)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic	Roman Catholic (infused with indigenous beliefs); Protestant (mostly Church of the Nazarene)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	NA years of age	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: can communicate worldwide domestic: automatic network international: country code - 290; HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascension Island, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: effective system, being improved domestic: interisland microwave radio relay system with both analog and digital exchanges; work is in progress on a submarine fiber-optic cable system which is scheduled for completion in 2003 international: 2 coaxial submarine cables; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,200 (2002)	60,935 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1997)	28,119 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	0 note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)	1 (and 7 repeaters) (2002)
Terrain	Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin	steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic
Total fertility rate	1.54 children born/woman (2005 est.)	3.91 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	14% (1998 est.)	21% (2000 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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